Risk-based pricing of loans is well-accepted. Left unstudied, however, is the conditional credit risk of a loan that remains current. Using large-sample statistics and asset-level consumer automobile asset-backed security data, we find that default risk conditional on survival converges for...

For materials with magnetic phase transition, researchers have tried to find a simple magnetic method that can replace the calorimetric technique for determining the type of phase transition. Recently, the researchers provide a quantitative characteristic of first-order magnetic phase...

Nitrogen (N) deposition impacts profoundly ecosystem carbon balance across the globe. However, how dominant plant species control ecosystem carbon exchange in response to N deposition remains largely unclear, especially in alpine meadows at high elevations. Here, we conducted a manipulated...

This paper describes the core features of the R package geepack, which implements the generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach for fitting marginal generalized linear models to clustered data. Clustered data arise in many applications such as longitudinal data and repeated measures. The...

Sample path large and moderate deviation principles for Markov modulated risk models with delayed claims are proved by the exponential martingale method. As applications, asymptotic estimates and exponential bounds of the ruin probability are also studied.