Using data from the third UK Community Innovation Survey we model the usage of e-business across and within firms in the UK in the year 2000 as a single observation upon an integrated process of inter- and intra-firm diffusion. The intra-firm dimension is a significant extension to standard...

Shocks to energy prices can have a direct impact on homeowners’ disposable income, affecting their ability to pay their mortgage. Properties’ energy efficiency can provide some protection against the transition risk of rising energy costs. Anecdotally, lenders appear to be increasingly...