disasters. Children have constituted a significant proportion of immigrants …

, suggesting that father absence does not play a major role in determining children's educational outcomes. Instead, these results …

We study the impact of adult children's internal migration on the health and subjective well-being of elderly parents … left behind, distinguishing between the gender of the migrant children. To overcome migration endogeneity, we exploit novel … and exogenous variation in children's astrological characteristics and apply instrumental variables methods. We find a …

-behind families and children left much to be desired. This paper aims to provide a better understanding of the impact of parental … migration on the welfare of left-behind children in the Philippines so that policies can be devised to support them. This study … temper of left-behind children. However, they tend to be more physically sickly. This warrants government attention to …