A significant amount of energy is consumed to maintain thermal comfort in buildings, a huge portion of which is lost through windows. Smart coating, thin films with spectrally selective properties on the surface of glass, is the innovative solution to the problem. Thermochromic smart windows...

Nanotechnology is an enabling technology that provides an extensive range of resources to resolve the energy-related problems, as the developing components and appliances are smaller than 100nm they provide the new ways to catch, store and exchange energy. Every day, the sun shines a huge amount...

The industrial sector is the second largest consumer of energy in Malaysia. In this energy audit, the most important parameters that have been collected are as follows: power rating and operation time of energy-consuming equipments/machineries; fossil fuel and other sources of energy use;...

Crop drying is essential for preservation in agricultural applications. It is performed either using fossil fuels in an artificial mechanical drying process or by placing the crop under the open sun. The first method is costly and has a negative impact on the environment, while the second method...

Energy poverty and lack of electricity in rural areas exacerbate the poverty of the developing countries. In Malaysia, 3.8% of the population lives below the poverty line and most of them are settled in rural areas. The electricity coverage in poor states is about 79% in comparison with 99.62%...

The industrial sector is the largest user of energy in Malaysia. Industrial motors account for a major segment of total industrial energy use. Since motors are the principle energy users, different energy savings strategies have been applied to reduce their energy consumption and associated...

Today, energy crisis turn out to be a serious threat towards sustainability for developing countries since their energy demand is growing more rapidly than developed countries. On the other hand, fossil fuels cannot sustain anymore in the near future because of environmental impacts and...

Thermodynamic losses usually take place in machineries used for agricultural activities. Therefore, it is important to identify and quantify the losses in order to devise strategies or policies to reduce them. An exergy analysis is a tool that can identify the losses occurred in any sector. In...

Many countries now suffer from shortage in fresh water, hence, currently 125 countries around the world are taking advantage of desalination methods to access fresh water from brackish and seawater. As desalination is one of the important processes for producing potable water that can be used...

Renewable energy sources can be a good substitute of the fossil fuels which are being terminated fast. Nowadays biomass and biofuels are considered because of their environment friendly characteristics and their ability of supplying much more energy. An alternative means to select the most...