"This paper compares the wages of workers inside the United States to the wages of observably identical workers outside the United States-controlling for country of birth, country of education, years of education, work experience, sex, and rural-urban residence. This is made possible by new and...

There is an inherent tension between implementing organizations - which have specific objectives and narrow missions and mandates - and executive organizations - which provide resources to multiple implementing organizations. Ministries of finance/planning/budgeting allocate across ministries...