During the 80s, several empirical studies have shown a positive correlation between concentration, prices and profits. It is well known that these estimates all suffer from simultaneity bias: market structure and prices are affected by common factors, some of which are not observable, which...

When they are asked about their satisfaction with respect to various domains (job, financial situation, and so on) individuals give responses which may be misinterpreted because they both report their situation and their judgment about it. Although satisfaction is generally correlated with...

This paper is a first attempt, for metropolitan France, to identify the service activities that are internationally traded and of those that could become so, i.e. those that can be technically produced and consumed in different places. Our estimates show that only half of service activities are...

The role of socio economic background in school attainment is a central issue. Most studies conclude that if socioeconomic background is still strongly associated with school attainment, this association has rather declined among cohorts, including for higher degrees. Opponents of the decline of...

We use information on a French loan guarantee program in order to assess the consequences of credit constraints for new ventures. Loan Guarantee Programs, as implemented in France, are an effective instrument to help young firms grow faster, both in terms of employment and capital. These effects...

There are at least two ways to consider the impact of internationalization on employment. The first one considers its impact on the global stock of jobs: it requires a general equilibrium approach and this rules out accounting approaches that simply compare the job contents of imports and...

We estimate the productivity- and wage-returns to firm-provided training in a panel of French Firms. We find positive and significant returns to training on productivity. For instance, an increase in training intensity by 150 Euros per worker increases a firms labor productivity by 0.4 %....

Individual well-being is not driven only by income. For example, unemployment, bad health, or uncomfortable housing conditions are likely to worsen quality of life. Consequently such variables must be taken into account in order to measure individual well-being correctly, on the condition that...

Declining natality and mortality are reshaping demographic patterns in most industrialized countries. We investigate the case of France where, after a few decades of sustained growth, active population is likely to stop growing and could eventually start decreasing. This will coincide with a...

A recurrent problem in economic studies based on survey data is to determine whether survey weights should be used or not. We show that weighted estimators are more robust than unweighted ones, but less accurate when unweighted estimators are consistent. In some circumstances, a compatibility...