One explanation for the widening of racial earnings gaps among family heads during the 1980s is that black families were increasingly headed by females during that period. This explanation is tested using data on black and white family heads in 1976 and 1985 from the Institute for Research on...

In this study, the double-hurdle model typically used in cross-sectional data is extended to panel data structures. The new double-hurdle model can account not only for the censored nature of commodity purchases, but also for the dynamics of the purchase process. In this model, a flexible error...

This study provides a theoretical background for the firm-level analysis on the distributional effects of commodity promotion programs. The conceptual basis of this approach is that firms differ due to differences in possessing endowments of fixed factors, and net returns to firms can be viewed...

This article examines the responsiveness of fluid milk sales to generic milk advertising in New York City, Albany, Syracuse, Rochester, and Buffalo markets. Fluid milk demand equations for New York City, Albany, Syracuse, Rochester, and Buffalo are estimated with monthly data for the period from...

The objective of this study is to examine the impacts of alternative measures of advertising exposure on the evaluation of advertising effectiveness. This study used quarterly data of post-buy actual GRPs and corresponding advertising expenditures for the New York City fluid milk market. First,...

Introduction of biotechnologically modified soybeans will have significant impacts on the US soybean and associated industries. However, technical trade-offs of yield and quality attributes make it difficult to determine which modifications offer the highest potential pay-off and warrant the...

This study develops an empirical framework to estimate quality-adjusted price elasticities from cross-sectional data. The new approach shows the importance of properly adjusting for quality variation in both prices and quantities in demand analysis. When quality adjustment is concerned only with...

This study develops a varying-parameter advertising model specifying advertising parameters as a function of advertising strategies and market environments to explain the varying nature of the advertising responses. This model allows researchers to examine the sources of change in advertising...