from patient interests, especially when providers are motivated more by profits than by altruism. We investigate how profit …

New empirical evidence shows substantial heterogeneity in the altruism of healthcare providers. Spurred by this … evidence, we build a spatial quality competition model with altruism heterogeneity. We find that more altruistic healthcare … prefers more or less horizontal differentiation is in general ambiguous and depends on the level of altruism. The more …