Cooperation between the littoral countries of the Baltic Sea to mitigate eutrophication has proven difficult in the past. In this study, we explore the countries’ incentives to free-ride on agreements, find stable coalitions where free-riding is deterred, and propose alternative ways of...

This paper considers self-enforcing international environmental agreements when countries are asymmetric with respect to emission-related benefits and environmental damage. Considering these asymmetries simultaneously yields large stable coalitions, also without the option of transfers between...

We developed a dynamic farm level economic model of crop rotations including nitrogen fertilization, fungicide treatment and liming as adaption practices. Simulations were run at different price and disease scenarios over 30 years. Farmer maximizes present discounted value of futures stream of...