Background: Prior research has examined design parameters for assessing average program impacts on achievement outcomes with cluster randomized trials (CRTs). Little is known about parameters for assessing differential impacts for student subgroups. Objectives: This article develops the...

N 2 O, as an energy gas, is of increasing interest for its recovery from wastewater treatment. Acidic pH is one of the important factors affecting N 2 O accumulation during denitrification, but the mechanism still needs further clarification. In this study, the production efficiency of N 2 O...

Healthcare in the United States is the most expensive in the world, with real per capita spending growth averaging 4 percent since 1980. This paper examines the role of market power of U.S. healthcare providers and pharmaceutical companies. It finds that markups (the ability to charge prices...

This paper assesses the role that monetary policy plays in the decision to default using a General Equilibrium model with collateralized loans, trade in fiat money and production. Long-term nominal loans are backed by collateral, the value of which depends on monetary policy. The decision to...

Rapid product design and development are crucial factors to maintaining a competitive advantage in today's intense market. Time-consuming iterative design cycles cause critical delays within the design development process. One widely applied method to identify such iterations is the design...

We propose two rational expectation models of transient financial bubbles with heterogeneous arbitrageurs and positive feedbacks leading to self-reinforcing transient stochastic faster-than-exponential price dynamics. As a result of the nonlinear feedbacks, the termination of a bubble is found...

Hospitals are an integral part of a society's critical functions designed to respond to man-made and natural disasters. Effective hospital capacity planning can significantly enhance the capability and effectiveness of treatment for emergency patients with injuries resulting from a disaster....

There are two kinds of passenger checkpoint screening lanes in a typical US airport: a Normal Lane and a Selectee Lane that has enhanced scrutiny. The Selectee Lane is not effectively utilized in some airports due to the small amount of passengers selected to go through it. In this paper, we...

This is a follow-up to the recent paper by Lazar Babu et al. [V.L. Lazar Babu, R. Batta, L. Lin, Passenger grouping under constant threat probability in an airport security system, European Journal of Operational Research 168 (2006) 633-644] which investigated the benefit of classifying...