This paper empirically examines how the opening of K-12 schools and colleges is associated with the spread of COVID-19 using county-level panel data in the United States. Using data on foot traffic and K-12 school opening plans, we analyze how an increase in visits to schools and opening schools...

The Arellano-Bond estimator is a fundamental method for dynamic panel data models, widely used in practice. However, the estimator is severely biased when the data's time series dimension T is long due to the large degree of overidentification. We show that weak dependence along the panel's time...

The Arellano-Bond estimator is a fundamental method for dynamic panel data models, widely used in practice. However, the estimator is severely biased when the data's time series dimension T is long due to the large degree of overidentification. We show that weak dependence along the panel's time...