Background: Disease management initiatives to improve hypertension care, commonly conducted in managed care organizations today, focus on many determinants of blood pressure control including medication adherence. Empirical evidence supporting the association between adherence and improved...

Prostate cancer is the most common solid tumor in American men and is screened for using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests. We report on a nonstationary partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) for prostate biopsy referral decisions. The core states are the patients' prostate...