Is there more violence in areas with many small countries or only a single large one? I create a unifying framework … affects all types of violence with the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index of state sizes. Empirically, I examine fatalities from … concentration. I find the most fatalities in areas with many small countries, but that violence decreases with concentration at a …

profits fuel violence. Killing kingpins makes crime bosses short-sighted, also fueling conflict. Only by targeting the most … violent traffickers can the state reduce violence without increasing supply. These results help explain empirical patterns of … violence in drug war, which is less studied than interstate or civil war but often as deadly …

decrease the likelihood of communal violence? This paper argues that local segregation causes violence by eroding interethnic … leaders and other extremists to build support for communal violence. I demonstrate that segregation increases the incidence of … violence using a new dataset measuring ethnic composition and violence across approximately 700 small localities in Kenya …

There is a growing interest in economic literature on the pervasive effects of violence exposure on human capital … accumulation. However, this literature has come short on disentangling the direct effects of violence on individuals' schooling … this paper we study the sharp increase in violence experienced in Mexico after 2006, known as “The War on Drugs” and its …

should help people reach and maintain bargains, minimizing violence. Can outside organizations engineer improvements and … violent land disputes are common. Prior work showed a fall in violence and unresolved disputes within one year. We return …

an event is unclear. Political violence is such an event, sending immediate signals about possible impact on firm … political violence in 19th century Russia on its stock market; using a battery of unit root and variance ratio tests, the … evidence is that Russian financial markets were mostly efficient in processing short-term information from political violence …

This study examines the geographical and temporal evolution of violence in which pastoralists are engaged. Building … pastoralist groups were involved, this paper provides a regional report on wider patterns of pastoralist violence over the last … two decades. Pastoralist violence has both expanded and intensified in the region, as is evidenced by the rapid increase …

This paper investigates the long-term effects of the Paraguayan War (1864–1870) on intimate partner violence (IPV). The … the war increases the long term likelihood of IPV. As non-gender-based types of interpersonal violence are, in the long …

I study the causal effect of violence against social leaders on coca cultivation and land restitution requests in the … provide evidence that the start of the violence against social leaders increases hectares of coca by a magnitude of at least 0 … action capacity of civil society, which is depreciated as more violence is exerted on social leaders …

This paper analyzes a context where sustained violence happens in non-war zones. Specifically, this paper considers … on conflict and violence by concluding that violence in non-war zones has important implications for labor market …