The paper offers a taxonomy of the technology platforms (TPs) to help assess a platform’s risk level. TPs are seen as a valuable policy instrument that assists a multi-stakeholder formulation and implementation of long-term R&D programs in specific technology areas at economy or industry...

This Note applies the concept of "paradigm shifts" from the history and philosophy of science to describe how patents on biomedical research tools - inputs to basic research - can create conditions conducive to fundamental advances in scientific theory. Patents on research tools can prevent...

Information and communications technology (ICT) is more common in some countries than in others. I find evidence that suggests that institutional firing costs may be a factor contributing to this divide, and develop an industry model to account for this finding. In the model, as the technology...

This paper studies energy bias in technical change. For this purpose, we develop a computable general equilibrium model that builds on endogenous growth models. The model explicitly captures links between energy, the rate and direction of technical change, and the economy. We derive the...

The study of innovation and technological change is an increasing field of economic enquire because innovation can be considered a major engine of growth. This paper is concerned with the determinants of innovation and technological change. Different theoretical approaches present in the...

A simple model of the development of technology is presented. This model, in a broad analogy with evolutionary ecology of parasites, within a theoretical framework of Generalized Darwinism, can explain vital characteristics of technological advances and technological evolution. In particular,...

Robots, artificial intelligence and automation are going to fundamentally change the way we work, play and live in the 21st Century. Or will they? In this provocative new book, Krook questions the dominant ideology that automation and A.I. will make our lives easier and give us more freedom than...

Innovation in agriculture differs from innovation elsewhere in the economy in several important ways. In this chapter we highlight differences arising from (a) the atomistic nature of agricultural production, (b) the spatial specificity of agricultural technologies and the implications for...

Developing countries rely on technology created by developed countries. This paper demonstrates that such reliance increases wage inequality but leads to greater production in developing countries. I study a Brazilian innovation program that taxed the leasing of international technology to...

Modern data and information technologies are having a profound impact on financial services and opening new frontiers in regulation. This article explores the deployment of technology to embed regulatory objectives within the management and decision-making processes of financial firms....