We show that increasing the intensity of product market competition can reduce discrimination against female managers … beneficial for the firm when product market competition is intense. Using detailed matched employee-employer data, we find that … (i) more intense competition leads to relatively higher wages for female managers and (ii) the share of female managers …

Using linked employer-employee panel data for West Germany that include direct information on the competition faced by … plants, we investigate the effect of product market competition on the gender pay gap. Controlling for match fixed effects we … find that intensified competition significantly lowers the unexplained gap in plants with neither collective agreements nor …

market. The authors analyze how firm takeovers and product market competition affect firms’ gender composition and gender … when product market competition is weak. Furthermore, a takeover reduces the gender wage gap. Although the estimated …

market. Using detailed matched employer-employee data, we analyze how firm takeovers and product market competition are … ownership change, in particular when product market competition is weak. Further, increased competition reduces the gender wage …