This paper investigates to explain that Cement Industry is an important component of Economic sector in Pakistan which has a substantial impact on the financial stability and economic development in the country. The cement production was a small industry in the early days of Pakistan but with...

The climate crisis requires that economies around the world achieve carbon Net Zero by 2050. However, average annual GHG emissions during the 2010s have continued to increase (albeit at a decelerating rate) relative to global emissions in the first decade of the 21st century (IPCC AR6). Most of...

Governments’ opportunistic behaviors and failure to recognize local needs and characteristics are the main concerns about place-based policy. In China’s between-region pairing aid program targeting Xinjiang, instead of simple fiscal transfers and centralized decisions about how to perform...

Many student debtors who once enrolled in a bachelor’s program have not completed their college degree. We establish empirically that college students and their parents are overly optimistic about the probability of college graduation when making college enrollment decisions. We incorporate...

Phase change memory (PCM) is usually integrated with the ovonic threshold switching (OTS) selector in the high-density memory chips. The As doping is a commercialized technology in the OTS materials to enhance their performance, but the understanding of the OTS behavior and the influence from...

The decline of China's energy intensity slowed since 2000. During 2002–2005 it actually increased, reversing the long-term trend. Therefore, it is important to identify drivers of the fluctuation of energy intensity. We use input–output structural decomposition analysis to investigate the...

China has pledged to reduce its CO2 emissions per unit of GDP by 40–45% by 2020 as of 2005 level. This research examines China's 2020 carbon intensity target and its interdependence with the overarching national economic and social development goals. The results show that, with annual GDP...

This study examines the annual CO2 emissions embodied in China's exports from 2002 to 2008 using environmental input–output analysis. Four driving forces, including emission intensity, economic production structure, export composition, and total export volume, are compared for their...