This paper shows that business groups in emerging economies exert dual effects on innovation. While groups facilitate innovation by providing institutional infrastructure, groups also discourage innovation by creating entry barriers for nongroup firms and thereby inhibit the proliferation of new...

We present a theory for predicting how business firms form alliances to develop and sponsor technical standards. Our basic assumptions are that the utility of a firm for joining a particular standard-setting alliance increases with the size of the alliance and decreases with the presence of...

We examine relationships between firm performance and changes in international presence in five medical sector industries between 1978 and 1989, conditioned on the international status of the industries and the market position of the firms. International expansion was necessary for survival when...

We argue that established firms, including industry incumbents and diversifying entrants, play vital all underemphasized roles as the sources of major innovations in many industries The study presents empirical evidence showing that established firms are often sources of major innovations in the...

Purpose – Apple’s amazing run of blockbusters – iPhone, iPad, iPod, iTunes, multiple iterations of the Mac computer, and going all the way back to the Apple II – has created a fan base of consumers willing to pay premium prices and produced enormous corporate value. This case aims to...