Global total least squares (GTLS) is a method for the identification of linear systems where no distinction between input and output variables is required. This method has been developed within the deterministic behavioural approach to systems. In this paper we analyse statistical properties of...

Matrices, their products, linear systems, and the underlying geometric ideas are presented in an intuitive and practical way for economics students and other students of the social sciences. Python Jupyter notebooks are used to present examples that enforce the geometric ideas.