Drawing from the resource and knowledge-based perspectives, we examine the role expatriates play as a critical managerial resource within the multinational's international joint-venture (IJV). By using a large sample (3772 IJV annual performance years) of Japanese IJVs in the USA from 1991 to...

Research on multi-party IJVs has been limited to a static context. Little attention has been paid to analyzing dynamic post-formation change processes. This study investigates the evolving influences of multi-party IJV complexity on performance in a dynamic context where the multi-party IJV goes...

Time compression diseconomies (TCD) in resource development impact the durability of competitive advantage according to the resource-based view. The Uppsala Model emphasizes experiential learning, which is subject to TCD. TCD joins the two perspectives and can help explain the foreign expansion...

We investigated the relationship between expatriate-deployment levels and the growth of international subsidiaries over time. Latent-curve analysis revealed that higher subsidiary growth over the long term was achieved through both (a) a higher proportion of expatriates at subsidiary founding...

The impact of knowledge transfer on foreign subsidiary performance has been a major focus of research on knowledge management in multinational enterprises (MNEs). By integrating the knowledge-based view and the expatriation literature, this study examines the relationship between a multinational...

This study examines the main and interaction effects of investment mode strategy and expatriate strategy on subsidiary survival during times of economic crisis. We propose that the capitalization of multinational flexibility across multi-country networks enhances the survival of subsidiaries...