In the real world many social and economic decisions have to be made with imperfect information and uncertainty. In the past two decades, economists and mathematicians have devoted a great deal of time and effort into the study of ambiguity and much progress has been made in modeling ambiguity....

Honeybee pollination plays a significant role in sustaining the balance and biodiversity of sustainable rural development, agricultural production, and environments. However, little research has been carried out on the agricultural and economic benefits of pollination, especially for small...

Since the beginning of 1990s, the credit balance of the banking system in mainland China has experienced a big swing from negative to positive. The balance has continued to expand up to now. It seems that both negative and positive credit balances are so large that the financial resources have...

This paper examines the issue of achieving full convertibility for the Chinese currency, Renminbi (RMB), and its impact on the economies of both mainland China and Hong Kong. It focuses on the sequencing of Renminbi¡¦s full convertibility, clarifying the different concepts of currency...

This paper studies the links between fundamental value and market price of the companies listed in both mainland A-share and Hong Kong H-share markets. As the valuation model has been inadequately applied in the literature, this study theoretically clarifies that the dividends discount model...

Since the beginning of 1990s, the credit balance of the banking system in mainland China has experienced a big swing from negative to positive. The balance has continued to expand up to now. It seems that both negative and positive credit balances are so large that the financial resources have...

This paper examines the issue of achieving full convertibility for the Chinese currency, Renminbi (RMB), and its impact on the economies of both mainland China and Hong Kong. It focuses on the sequencing of Renminbi's full convertibility, clarifying the different concepts of currency...

This paper studies the links between fundamental value and market price of the companies listed in both mainland A-share and Hong Kong H-share markets. As the valuation model has been inadequately applied in the literature, this study theoretically clarifies that the dividends discount model...