natural disasters. International experiences suggest the need to strengthen reliability objectives, redundancies, assessment …

disasters has affected corruption within the public sector. There are a number of new findings from this study. (1) Disaster …) The effect of disasters is greater in developed countries than in developing countries. (3) In the developed countries …, frequency of occurrence of disaster plays important role on increasing corruption. This suggests that foreseeable disasters …

COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, many countries have faced major adverse events including natural disasters, wars, and … greater frequency of natural disasters, especially climate disasters, means that they have the largest aggregate impact on … productivity, as natural disasters have occurred most often and their frequency has doubled since 2000. Global adverse events can …