Current debates on the social returns of Intellectual Property Right (IPR) systems deal with the presumed negative effects of two practices: IPR bundling and the strong concentration of IPRs in certain firms and industries. These debates are hampered by the lack of empirical evidence on IPR...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into the contingent use of rational, intuitive and political decision-making in R&D. Design/methodology/approach: This research is based on a study in an R&D department of a multinational high-tech firm in the Netherlands. The study consists...

In this article, three managerial challenges for managing networks are described. They involve a different view on strategic choice, managing alliances as a portfolio (and not as dyadic relationships) and new tasks for top management. Finally, some practical tools are presented which firms use...