Thinking strategically about foreign operation modes requires moving beyond making a choice for the initial entry into a country. The rethinking about foreign operation modes and how they are used in international business activity has ushered in consideration of the reality of mode combinations...

In this article, the situation where a company internationalises over an extended period without changing operation mode is explored. The focus of the empirical research is the Australian company CSR and its large-scale sugar exporting operations, which developed over a period of about 75 years....

We argue for a new approach to export promotion policy in which programmes are tailored to the different stages of the internationalisation process in order to achieve maximum effectiveness, especially in the crucial pre-export and early exporting stages. Encouragement and support of the...

The nature and potential of management contracts as a method of internationalisation are analysed with reference to Australia′s leading domestic airline, Ansett. The restrictive regulatory environment of the airline industry, especially in Australia, had prevented Ansett from conducting direct...

The International Marketing of Technology: An Interaction Perspective More and more companies have resorted to a wide diversity of international operation forms in order to enter and develop foreign markets. This diversity has been one of the features of international marketing over the past...

The spread of “second generation” franchise system use from a predominantly US base is examined. The focus is on Australia as one of the major recipient countries. Australia has moved rapidly through a process of adoption and imitation of US companies′ franchise systems in the 1970s and...