improvements under deregulation is ambiguous. It is also unclear why different states adopt consumer choice, price caps, sliding …-scale plans, or retain rate-of-return regulation. This study evaluates several economic factors behind deregulation in gas … deregulation. Demonstration effects from surrounding markets also contribute. These factors make the propensity to use price caps …

deregulation in the gas distribution market. Competing-risk hazard models are used to explain when and which regulatory regime … the risk of all forms of deregulation, albeit with different time delay. In election years, the risk of price cap adoption …

Causes and consequences of deregulation and restructuring in utility markets in US states continue to draw heated … formulate predictions about regulators’ net benefits from a particular form of deregulation. Empirical hazard model evaluates … are significant in explaining the pattern of deregulation. Utilities’ prices, capacity and scope of operations help …

-reducing, EU law requires unbundling (separation) of the VIU networks. However, the EU allows its member states the choice between … incomplete (legal) and complete (ownership) unbundling. There is tantalizing anecdotal evidence that VIUs have tried to influence … are perceived as more corrupt are indeed more likely to apply weaker forms of unbundling. Somewhat surprisingly, we do not …