Purpose: This paper studies a 3-dimensional pallet loading problem considering interlock stacking pattern, box dimensions, humidity, and storage time, where overlapping and overhanging are not allowed. Despite the importance of this problem in the literature, our work provides the first method...

In automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS), the usage of intelligent algorithms can lead to a reduction in the makespan required to complete a series of input/output operations. This paper presents a simulation-optimisation algorithm which aims at minimising the makespan in a realistic...