; gender ; employment discrimination ; skin tone ; panel data …

Gender gaps in income and level of position in the workplace are widespread. One explanation for this inequality is … significant gender gap in competitive tasks that are perceived to favor men. In this paper, we use a verbal task that is perceived … to favor women and find no gender difference under competition per se. We also reject the hypothesis that a .stereotype …

This study used data from the German Socio-economic Panel to examine gender differences in the extent to which self …

probability. -- Risk aversion ; competitiveness ; gender ; culture ; mixed-sex competition …

graduates contributes to the gender pay gap, and the reasons underlying their distinct educational choices. The case of Greece … is examined due to the fact that it is an EU country with historically large gender discrepancies in earnings and … firstly estimated by gender. It is found that the subjects in which women are relatively over-represented (e.g. Education …

We analyse gender wage inequalities in Italy in the mid-1990s and in the mid-2000s. In this period important labour … gender wage gap by estimating wage distributions in the presence of covariates and sample selection and by counterfactual … microsimulations. We find that women swam against the tide: whilst the trend in female qualifications slightly reduced the gender wage …

occupation are included. These findings suggest that the observed gender differential primarily reflects systematic differences … in the types of jobs into which men and women select. -- dismissals ; gender differentials ; involuntary job separations …

This paper studies the gender wage gap by educational attainment in Italy using the 1994-2001 ECHP data. We estimate …. Then, we decompose the gender wage gap across all the wage distribution and isolate the part due to gender differences in … the bottom of the wage distribution. -- gender wage gap ; education ; counterfactual distributions ; decompositions …

that conventional measures of earnings discrimination are not closely linked to the racial and gender bias that new lawyers … disparity in self-assessed bias across gender and racial groups. -- labor market discrimination ; lawyers ; gender and racial …

Using data from the U.S. National Incident Based Reporting System we document a gender gap in the number of crimes …