-shaped or downward-sloping pattern. Corruption may affect this relationship in two distinct ways: by raising pollution at given … corruption on pollution. The indirect effect via income is positive or negative depending on the income level. If negative, the … corruption. Because this relationship is particularly strong at low income levels, developing countries can considerably improve …

Does corruption grease or sand the wheels of economic growth? This paper uses meta-analysis techniques to … corruption on growth from 41 empirical studies. The main factors explaining the variation in these estimates are whether the … model accounts for institutions and trade openness (both are found to deflate the negative effect of corruption), authors …

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework on the relationship between corruption and … development. The paper demonstrates how the impact of corruption on economic development (ED) might vary substantially from … concepts from corruption and development. A synthesis of these two concepts leads to the development of the conceptual …

protection (with corruption as an element), access to finance and infrastructure, and the existence of a strong agglomeration …

Corruption literature within economics has long returned ambiguous results with no concise cause or impact of … corruption identified. This meta-analysis aims to find synergy within the corruption literature by assessing macroeconomic … empirical studies that evaluate whether corruption "greases or sands" the wheels of economic development. The meta …

We examine the impact of foreign corruption regulation on economic development in highcorruption-risk areas. We find … subject to the FCPA increases by 8%. Local perceptions of corruption also significantly decline. Consistent with the increase … activity increases by 37%. Overall, our findings suggest that anti-corruption regulation originating in developed countries is …

corruption. It shows that an improvement in institutional quality reduces the shadow economy and affects the corruption market …. The exact relationship between corruption and institutional quality is, however, ambiguous and depends on the relative … effectiveness of the institutional quality in the shadow and corruption markets. The predictions of the model are empirically tested …

-shaped or downward-sloping pattern. Corruption may affect this relationship in two distinct ways: by raising pollution at given … corruption on pollution. The indirect effect via income is positive or negative depending on the income level. If negative, the … corruption. Because this relationship is particularly strong at low income levels, developing countries can considerably improve …