This paper explores the use of fiscal policy to accelerate development in Pakistan during the period 2013-2022, with a focus on the creation of fiscal space for increased investment in infrastructure, as well as on indicators related to macro and sectoral developments, Millennium Development...

The economy of Moldova, which has one of the lowest levels of gross national income per capita in the World Bank Europe and Central Asia region, is strongly linked to the outside world, especially to the neighboring countries of the European Union and the Commonwealth of Independent States. This...

Computable general equilibrium (CGE) models require external parameters for proper estimations and can be relatively sensitive to the elasticity estimates used in them. We estimate LES demand elasticities and Frisch parameters for all Finnish household income deciles. These estimates will be...

In this study we evaluate the regional effects of ageing and balancing of fiscal deficits by using a dynamic, regional AGE model for Finnish Economy. We use a MONASH-type dynamic model called VERM (dynamic TERM). To study the effects of ageing, we make use of econometric results and long term...

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To model the economics impacts of population ageing in high-income countrie by estimating the scale of required technological change. Presentation of a over-lapping generations computable general equilibrium model. Population ageing is associated with low growth and large welfare losses. The...

We study the effects of recent VAT reforms in Finland. Our counterfactual scenarios try to find, whether other reforms would enhance economic efficiency without compromising equity. We use a recursive dynamic applied GE model (VATTAGE, coded in GEMPACK) to study the macro, industrial and...

Regional structural change is currently among the greatest challenges facing the public sector in many EU countries. In countries like Finland, where the public sectors have a large role in providing educational, health and social services, structural change rapidly becomes a fiscal problem....