A large literature studies bank regulatory policies intendedto control moral hazard problems associated with depositinsurance and optimal regulatory design. Much of theanalysis has focused on uniform bank capital requirements,risk-based capital requirements, risk-based or fairly pricedinsurance...

It is a great pleasure for me to be here and to participate inthe discussion of the future of capital adequacy regulation.I would like to compliment the organizers of this conferenceon the programme they have set up, covering manyrelevant topics, and the range of experts they have beenable to...

I am very pleased to be part of this forward-looking conferenceon developments in capital regulation. Because thepurpose of capital is to support risk, I decided to approachthis session from the viewpoint of someone leading aninstitution that depends, for its success or failure, on howwell it...

In the view of most policymakers and economists,competition in retail banking takes place in localmarkets covering a relatively small geographic area.Banks are thought to design their services and settheir loan and deposit rates in response to the supply anddemand conditions prevailing in a...

As derivatives markets have grown, thescope of financial intermediation hasevolved beyond credit intermediation tocover a wide variety of risks. Financialderivatives allow dealers to intermediate the risk managementneeds of their customers by unbundling customerexposures and reallocating them...

[...]This study is the first formal investigation ofconsumer attitudes that compares the forecasting power ofthe University of Michigan’s Index of Consumer Sentimentand the Conference Board’s Consumer Confidence Index.We begin with a background analysis of structural differencesbetween the...

[...]In this article, we shed light on the globalizationof international production and trade by demonstratingthe increasingly important role vertical specializationplays in international trade. We use case studies andinput-output tables to calculate the level and growth...

[...]In this paper, I examine two methods of measuringthe value of better schools. One involves following individualsover time to determine how the quality of theirschooling affects outcomes later in their lives; the otherinvolves calculating parental valuation of better schoolstoday. I review...

[...]The central point is simple: far and away themost important determinant of how quickly studentslearn is the effort of students themselves. It follows thatan increase in schools’ expectations of students couldhave important effects on the quality of public schooling.By establishing a...

[...]This paper presents an overview of the new capitalrequirements. In the first section, we describe the structureof the requirements and the considerations that went intotheir design. In addition, we address some of the concernsthat have been raised about the methods of calculating...