For an intermediated central bank digital currency (CBDC) to be successful, central banks will need to develop sustainable economic models where intermediaries and end users derive value and central banks achieve their policy goals. This note presents a framework for analyzing different economic...

How does the transmission of monetary policy change when a central bank digital currency (CBDC) is introduced in the economy? Do aspects of CBDC design, such as how substitutable it is with bank deposits and whether it is interest bearing, matter? We study these questions in a general...

This paper analyzes, using a VAR model, the effects of US central bank monetary policy announcements, and information shocks from this authority regarding its economic outlook on Mexican financial and macroeconomic variables. Shocks are identified by combining a high-frequency strategy with sign...

Monetary policy governance - how monetary policy objectives are determined, how decisions are made and who makes them - determines the quality and effectiveness of monetary policy decisions. In this paper, we examine some desirable and some adverse outcomes associated with different governance...