This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the effects of environmental tobacco smoke (secondhand smoke) as of mid-2005 produced by the California Air Resources Board and Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as part of the process of identifying ETS as a toxic air...

To help inform pollution control policies in the Indian electricity sector we estimate the health damages associated with particulate matter, sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from individual coal-fired power plants. We calculate the damages per ton of pollutant for each of 89...

Airborne particulate matter (PM) now exceeds sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides to become principal urban pollutant in most major cities of China. This paper gives an overview of fundamental studies on the formation and control of combustion PM from many research groups in China. About 62.8%...

Airborne particulate matter (PM) now exceeds sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides to become principal urban pollutant in most major cities of China. This paper gives an overview of fundamental studies on the formation and control of combustion PM from many research groups in China. About 62.8%...

Driving restrictions have been implemented in several cities across the world. However, limited by data gaps and the weaknesses of the prevailing research method, few studies have quantified driving restrictions' effects on traffic and researchers disagree about the air quality effects of...

A common policy for reducing particulate matter concentrations in the European Union is the introduction of Low Emission Zones (LEZs), which may only be entered by vehicles meeting predefined emission standards. This paper examines the effectiveness of LEZs for reducing PM10 levels in urban...

High levels of particulate matter scaling less than 10 micrometers in diameter (PM10) in many urban areas have led to the introduction of binding PM10 limit values by the European Commission in 2005. Road transport in inner city areas is believed to be one of the main contributors to accumulated...

In recent years, particulate emissions from the gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine, especially the ultrafine particulates, have become a subject of concern. In this study, the impact of fuel (gasoline versus ethanol) and injection system (injection pressure and injector condition) on...

Alternative methods to animal testing are considered as promising tools to support the prediction of toxicological risks from environmental exposure. Among the alternative testing methods, the cell transformation assay (CTA) appears to be one of the most appropriate approaches to predict the...

One of the main challenges during the development of operating strategies for modern diesel engines is the reduction of the CO₂ emissions, while complying with ever more stringent limits for the pollutant emissions. The inherent trade-off between the emissions of CO₂ and pollutants renders a...