RESUMENEn el presente trabajo se analiza la infl uencia de las agencias de califi cación crediticia en los mercados de valores, a través de una revisión de trabajos empíricos realizados en diferentes países, así como los recientes esfuerzos delos gobiernos por establecer normas que las...

Three essential goals of pension plan funding are the long-term viability, stability and security of member benefits. Reform of funding regulations for defined benefit (DB) pension schemes to make them more counter-cyclical in nature can help achieve these goals as well as make DB schemes more...

The prospective normalisation of monetary policies in the main OECD areas will be challenging given that current policy rates are likely to be significantly below neutral levels and that central bank balance sheets will be above the pre-crisis levels by a wide margin. Monetary policy...

In the wake of the Great Recession, a massive monetary policy stimulus was provided in the main OECD economies. It helped to stabilise financial markets and avoid deflation. Nonetheless, GDP growth has been sluggish and in some countries lower than expected given the measures taken, and...

Ireland is recovering from an extremely large banking crisis born of over-exuberant property lending. The government has taken a wide range of measures to tackle the crisis over the past 3 years. Larger bad property loans have been transferred to a government controlled “bad bank”, NAMA, and...

Une conférence organisée conjointement par la Banque de France, PSE-École d’Économie de Paris et le CEPII, les 25 et 26 mai 2011, a souligné les incertitudes entourant le rebond des échanges commerciaux après la chute observée fin 2008-début 2009.

S’il est encore trop tôt pour établir un bilan définitif des effets de la crise sur les entreprises, ceux-ci semblent avoir été plutôt bien maîtrisés grâce aux actions conjointes des différents agents économiques (entreprises, banques, autorités monétaires et pouvoirs publics).

Bank regulation might have contributed to or even reinforced adverse systemic shocks that materialised during the financial crisis. Capital regulation based on risk-weighted assets encourages innovation designed to circumvent regulatory requirements and shifts banks’ focus away from their core...

The German banking system came under pressure during the financial crisis, not least due to its significant exposure to toxic assets which originated in the US. In the short run, the stability of the system has been achieved, in large part through substantial government support measures....

The global crisis exposed weaknesses in the Hungarian financial system that pose risks to financial stability. Excessive risk-taking by banks and households had been masked by relatively stable exchange rates, the expected early adoption of the euro and unusually lax credit conditions in...