all world leaders from 1875 to 2004, we exploit inherent randomness in the success or failure of assassination attempts to … toward democracy. We also find that assassinations affect the intensity of small-scale conflicts. The results document a …

that cut across the democracy/autocracy divide: the hereditary principle; the military principle; the ruling party … principle; the presidential and the parliamentary principles, respectively. Relying on the Varieties of Democracy data, we … public goods across space and time, controlling for the degree of democracy. We conclude by suggesting several avenues for …

democracy. In particular, intermediate levels of productivity are associated with democracy, whereas a legacy of either low or …

corrosive effects of economic and cultural insecurity on liberal democracy in rich and poor countries alike. His diagnosis: the …