This article reviews and analyzes the issues related to worldwide hypoxic zones and the range of economic questions sorely in need of answers. We begin by describing the extent and causes of hypoxic zones worldwide, followed by a review of the evidence concerning ecological effects of hypoxic...

As nutrients and sediment in agricultural watersheds continue to degrade water quality, attention is increasingly given to reverse auctions to cost-effectively address these pollutants. Typically, reverse auctions include a selection process which depends on both the monetary bid and a ranking...

This paper provides a convergent validity test of two types of multinomial choice questions vis-¨¤-vis a dichotomous choice question by formally testing whether these stated preference elicitation question formats provide comparable welfare estimates. In particular, a dichotomous choice...

Recent data indicate that many U.S. areas still fail to meet national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for one or more criteria pollutants. In 1990, ninety-six U.S. metropolitan areas violated the federal ambient ozone standard, and forty-one areas violated the standard for carbon monoxide...