The 2008 financial crises strongly challenged the European Union, a threat which was even reinforced by the 2010 sovereign credit crisis. Initially, its member states responded to the crisis in an ad hoc and uncoordinated manner. As the crisis persisted, it became clear that the individual...

The financial crisis that hit the world in 2008 exposed the fragility and weaknesses of our global financial system. It has triggered a global response: world leaders – for the most part in the framework of the revitalised G20 – have held several meetings to discuss and agree on a global...

The international financial crisis which broke out in 2008 has had a major impact on fiscal sustainability of countries all over the world. Countries have responded to the global recession with varying measures. However, various initiatives regarding fiscal policy have been taken at the global...

This contribution critically analyses the recent developments in the relationship between the G20 and the OECD. The OECD has been one of the key economic institutions ever since its establishment. Recently however, its limited membership and the engagement of other international organizations in...

In 2010, relations between the European Union (EU) and China reached their 35-year anniversary. Although initially centred primarily on economic cooperation, China's rapid industrialisation meant that over time this development placed increasing pressure on the environment. Keen to sustain this...

Energy relations between the European Union (EU) and Russia have come under increasing strain in recent years, not least due to a series of interruptions in the supply of natural gas to the EU. Tensions are further compounded by Russia's recent withdrawal from the Energy Charter Treaty and the...

In recent years, Central Asia has increasingly come under the focus of the European Union (EU). This development occurred not least due to a series of interruptions in the supply of Russian natural gas to the EU. The negative effects these supply cuts had on Gazprom's perceived reliability as a...

The Lisbon Treaty emphasizes the European Union's (EU) commitment to multilateralism. A key part of this is the EU's engagement with and participation in international organizations (IOs). While the EU has clear ambitions to take part and play a leading role in IOs, it faces significant...

This paper examines the contemporary and possible future role of the IMF in European economic governance in light of the cooperation developed between the EU and the Fund in order to tackle financial problems both in non-euro area and euro area Member States. Attention is paid to the influence...

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17 aims to “[s]trengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development.” Based on previous experiences with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), more and more voices say that, to succeed, the renewed...