The following sections are included: <ul><li class="bullet">Introduction</li><li class="bullet">Fundamental Concepts</li><li class="bullet">The Cooperative Solution</li><li class="bullet">Community-created Brand Value</li><li class="bullet">Collective Action and Common Assets</li><li class="bullet">Cooperative, Employee-owned Organizations: Beyond Capital Accumulation</li><li class="bullet">Common Resources, Common Purposes: Managing Coordination</li><li class="bullet">Conclusions</li><li...</li></ul>

What consumers do with brands has always been considered a source of value. During the last decade, this phenomenon has been accelerated still further by the rising power of consumer communities, supported by the growth of the internet and social media. It has been shown that the success of a...

Nous nous concentrerons sur une thématique transversale qui est celle de la solidarité intergénérationnelle. Celle-ci peut être la cadre pertinent pour mobiliser des acteurs autour de projets collectifs susceptibles d'être pilotés avec des critères d'efficacité sociale plutôt que de...

[eng] The purpose of this article is to show that the terms of the discussion on equity levels for small and medium-size companies must be clarified.. Companies have several means of consolidating or increasing their financial autonomy. They may call on contributions from shareholders or...

The study examines the balance sheet structures of both French and west German incorporated firms in manufacturing and their evolution during the last business cycle in the late eighties and early nineties. The point of departure is to focus on the relative importance of the different financing...

s: An earlier study (Cieply, Paranque, 1996) revealed the existence of a size effect in the determination of the financial structures of French firms over the period 1990-1993. However, this effect only appeared clearly above the 2000 employee threshold and was not sufficient to identify the...

Les interrogations nombreuses au sujet des PME en restent généralement à un constat d' insuffisance de fonds propre, confondant ainsi problème de financement et nature de celui-ci. En outre elles trouvent leur origine dans une comparaison abusive avec les grandes entreprises, ignorant des...

Our research has endeavoured to exploit recent analyses of products and market diversity in terms of the plurality of worlds of production. We show that there are severals ways to be profitable and there is no hierarchie between them. This study is conducted using a sample data of 1354 French...