In theory, trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) have a positive impact on spillover of technology, demand for human capital and skilled worker wages, profits and total factor productivity. Conditions of increased competition at world scale affect both the production period and change and/or...

This paper studies the sustainability of the Ottoman budget for the period from 1680 to 1747, during different sultanates and war eras. Moreover, we investigate whether the relationship between government revenues and expenditures changes in the period of culus. The empirical evidence gathered...

The money demand process in Turkey during the period 1987:1-2002:3 can be explained better in the sense of Cagan (1956) rather than in the sense of Sargent et al.(1973).Cagan assumes the exogeneity of money. Sargent et al. suggest the endogeneity of money. Implicitly, the money supply process...

This paper analyzes the current state of research in macroeconomics in the light of first year macroeconomics courses offered in the 16 leading Ph.D programs. Our investigation confirms that methodological and ideological differences of 1970’s and 80’s are about to disappear as...

The main objective of this study is to propose an analytical framework to explain the major policy shifts that has characterized post-war Turkish economic development; divided into four phases, starting respectively in 1950, 1960, 1980, and 2001. Its main contribution is to incorporate external...