study of lighting use by micro-enterprises in two small towns in Kenya's Rift Valley Province. The work included a survey …

-allocation factors for these services; and to develop market and operating rules for their provision and pricing. Developing metrics … electricity in support of the basic services of generating capacity, energy supply, and power delivery. The Federal Energy … commerce. To date, the electricity industry (including traditional vertically integrated utilities, distribution utilities …

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are installed by several types of market participants, ranging from residential customers to … large-scale project developers and utilities. Each type of market participant frequently uses a different economic … report finds that different economic performance metrics frequently show different price thresholds for when a PV investment …

The market for small wind systems in the United States, often defined as systems less than or equal to 100 kW that … systems in 2002 was reportedly 15-18 MW, though the market is estimated to be growing by as much as 40 percent annually (AWEA …. Furthermore, given differences in incentive types and levels across states, as well as variations in retail electricity rates and …

required: (1) characterization of the utility which includes its initial financial and physical market position, a forecast of … Demand-Side Resource (DSR) portfolio ? projected electricity and demand savings, costs and economic lifetime of a portfolio …. Finally, for each scenario, the Benefits Calculator produces several metrics that provides insights on how energy efficiency …

electricity markets. In this study, we review the market monitoring activities of four Independent System Operators in the United … external market monitors, performance metrics and indices to aid in market analysis, issues associated with access to …Policymakers have increasingly recognized the structural impediments to effective competition in electricity markets …

petroleum, natural gas, and electricity, projected trends in the real prices for these fuels were examined. The spread in the … the next few decades, while electricity prices are projected to be more stable. Electricity prices will, however, remain … above those for the other two fuels. The significance of this work rests on the fact that, in market economies, prices …

/provinces with demand response (DR) in the electricity sector. Demand-side resources are often overlooked as a viable option for … the form of decreased grid congestion, improved system reliability, market efficiency, price stabilization, hedging … against volatile fuel prices and reduced environmental impacts of energy production. This report describes the various types …

ABSTRACT=Demand response (DR) is increasingly recognized asan essential ingredient to well-functioning electricity … markets. DRmarket potential studies can answer questions about the amount of DRavailable in a given area, from which market …-efficiency (EE) potential. In this scoping study,we: reviewed and categorized seven recent DR market potential studies;recommended a …

Markets for renewable electricity have grown significantly in recent years, motivated in part by federal tax incentives … less widely recognized driver for renewable energy market growth is poised to also play an important role in the coming …. In aggregate, these utilities supply approximately half of all electricity demand in the western United States. In …