they can be made more effective in controlling summer peaks and attendant high prices of electricity. Particular attention …-long trend of declining reserve margins. Competition among generators is typically robust, holding down wholesale energy prices … advantages that restructuring can offer. Electricity is a form of energy that is difficult to store economically in large …

have offered price and reliability DR based programs to customers to help reduce electric peak demand. The lack of … is initiated at a home, building, or facility through receipt of an external communications signal. The receipt of the … demand response automation communications technologies known as Automated Demand Response (Auto-DR). In 2007, LBNL worked …

Responsive load is the most underutilized reliability resource available to the power system today. It is currently not … in communications and controls have provided new capabilities and eliminated many of the old obstacles. North American … Electric Reliability Council (NERC), Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), Northeast Power Coordinating Council (NPCC …

, and they play an important role in the constantly evolving communications industry. To better understand the impact of the … Industrial Program initiated this project with two primary focus areas: First, to characterize current data center electricity … center'' was adopted which included internet hosting, corporate, institutional, governmental, educational and other …

/provinces with demand response (DR) in the electricity sector. Demand-side resources are often overlooked as a viable option for … the form of decreased grid congestion, improved system reliability, market efficiency, price stabilization, hedging … against volatile fuel prices and reduced environmental impacts of energy production. This report describes the various types …

Peak power demand issues have come to the fore recently because of the California electricity crisis. Uncertainties … surrounding the reliability of electric power systems in restructured markets as well as security worries are the latest reasons … difference between peak demand and average demand, and the necessity for real-time delivery of electricity all make the …

customers response to short-term fluctuations in electricity prices are based on theories of rational firm behavior, where …Energy economists have long argued the benefits of real time pricing (RTP) of electricity. Their basis for modeling … institutional customers in the Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation service territory that have faced day-ahead electricity market …

resource planning initiatives, ongoing efforts to improve efficiency and reliability in competitive electricity markets, and …Economists have advocated for real-time pricing (RTP) of electricity on the basis of the gains in economic efficiency … that would result from charging customers the contemporaneous marginal cost of supplying electricity instead of the average …

choose to face real-time (spot) prices and will respond to the occasionally very high prices by reducing electricity use at … volatile energy prices; (2) lower electricity costs and prices; and (3) a generation mix with more baseload, and less peaking …, including fuel prices, initial mix of generation capacity, and customer response to electricity prices (load shapes and system …

loads in enhancing electricity system reliability. First, this report considers the definitions of electricity-reliability …Recent electricity price spikes are painful reminders of the value that meaningful demand-side responses could bring to … the restructuring US electricity system. Review of the aggregate offers made by suppliers confirms that even a modest …