This paper examines the effect of competition on the irreversible investment decisions under uncertainty as a … investment opportunity which is completely irreversible and the product market reveals an inverted U-shape relationship between …

transfer, and their implications for investment, innovation, and product market competition. The model also sheds light on the …

transfer, and their implications for investment, innovation, and product market competition. The model also sheds light on the …

This paper empirically investigates whether changes in product market competition affect firm boundaries. Exploiting … in competition, we establish a negative causal effect of competition (through reduced entry barriers and a larger number …

In this paper we model the competition between two cities as a game to maximise the welfare considering the impact of … demand management strategies in the form of cordon tolls. This research builds on earlier work which studied the competition …–lose’ situation. The current paper extends the idea of competition between cities by setting up a system dynamic model of two cities …

competition and objective evaluation as the formal criteria of fairness. These are prevalent in the Korean society and at the same … heavily on social relations and groups which make the subjects or units of competition ambiguous and give rise to monopolist … society has to take into account: income and wealth gaps between strata; contents of competition; procedures as well as …

competition in the physician market intensifies. First, due to competitive pressure, physicians refer patients to specialty care …. We assess empirically the overall effect of competition with data from a 2008–2009 Norwegian survey, National Health … Insurance Administration, and Statistics Norway. From the data we construct three measures of competition: the number of open …