The Odiel River is located in southwestern Spain; the greater portion of its basin is composed of materials from the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IBP), an area with numerous massive sulfide deposits that have been highly exploited since the third millennium BC. As sulfides come into contact with the...

The Iberian Pyrite Belt (SW Spain) is a highly relevant source of Acid Mine Drainage contamination on a global scale. Although the Tinto and Odiel Rivers, which cross the Iberian Pyrite Belt, have been widely studied by various authors, an issue is still pending: the study of the metal load...

Acid mine drainage is the main problem encountered by sulphide mining operations, not only because of its ecological aspects, but also because, once it appears, it is very difficult to remediate both technologically and economically. This paper characterises the response of an acid mine...

Several thousand kilometers of West Virginia streams are degraded by acid mine drainage, and the estimates for cleanup range in the billions of dollars (US$). This article demonstrates the use of a nonmarket valuation technique, benefit transfer, to estimate the benefits of restoring an impaired...

We present a model of additionality for offsets sold from agriculture to industrial sector sources regulated by cap-and-trade. We consider a potential policy where agricultural sources would not be covered by cap-and-trade requirements but would be eligible to receive offsets whenever their...

In this paper, we examine the design of permit trading programs when the objective is to minimize the cost of achieving an ex ante pollution target, that is, one that is defined in expectation rather than an ex post deterministic value. We consider two potential sources of uncertainty, the...

Many kinds of water pollution occur in pulses, e.g., agricultural and urban runoff. Ecosystems, such as wetlands, can serve to regulate these pulses and smooth pollution distributions over time. This smoothing reduces total environmental damages when the instantaneous" damage function is convex....

Previous studies have identified regulatory preemption and differentiation as two main motives for participation in voluntary environmental programs (VEPs). This research examines the motivations of livestock farmers to participate in the Michigan Agricultural Environmental Assurance Program...