Literature on farm productivity and efficiency was reviewed using a scoping review methodology, focusing on studies that have included risk and risk management tools within the stochastic frontier analysis in agricultural economics. This study contributes to investigating the methods used to...

The concept of vertical farming is nearly twenty years old, however, there are only a few experimental prototypes despite its many advantages compared to conventional agriculture. Significantly, financial uncertainty has been identified as the largest barrier to the realization of a ‘real'...