Two-stage sampling usually leads to higher variances for estimators of means and regression coefficients, because of intra-cluster homogeneity. One way of allowing for clustering in fitting a linear regression model is to use a linear mixed model with two levels. If the estimated intra-cluster...

The SAR model is widely used in spatial econometrics to model Gaussian processes on a discrete spatial lattice, but for large datasets, fitting it becomes computationally prohibitive, and hence, its usefulness can be limited. A computationally-efficient spatial model is the spatial random...