The standards setting process relies to an increasing degree on successfully integrating up-to-date research and development results (R&D). The successful interaction between research and standards can provide important social benefits. But, to do so, a number of challenges need to be faced. One...

The creation of new knowledge, its commercialization and the ability to appropriate the economic benefits have increasingly become a competitive factor both for firms and, indeed, for economies. Therefore, initiatives that improve the conditions for the generation, diffusion and exploitation of...

Purpose - The purpose of this mainly conceptual paper is to analyze key changes in the institutional setting for standardization and to discuss what they indicate about further developments of the mobile sector. The intention is that this conceptual analysis will complement and contextualize the...

In today's environment of rapidly evolving information and communication technologies (ICTs), technical standardization is said to be confronted by a "minefield" of intellectual property rights (IPRs). Patents and other industrial IPRs that might belong to individual developers of technology...

Firm-size is one of several variables within a larger system where technology, institutions, demand, strategic decisions and random processes play central roles in shaping overall economic outcomes (Sutton, 1998). This chapter starts from the premise that the participation of small and...

This thesis examines and analyzes changing patterns of IPR use (particularly patenting) in the specific context of a national system of innovation (Norway). Norway has, like many other OECD countries, seen a significant expansion of IPR usage during the past two decades. The increase in...