European market participants in a fiercely competitive regulatory environment revolutionized their trading services and …

The EU financial services industry has experienced an enormous regulatory adaptation over the past decade. The dust … new Basel norms on capital adequacy for banks have to be implemented by the end of 2006, and the MiFID directive … regulating capital market activity will be applicable from late 2007 onwards. With almost ever year over the last 10 years having …

European market participants in a fiercely competitive regulatory environment revolutionized their trading services and …

of an Article 36 equivalent for financial services. The result is a European regime with a high degree of internal …

This chapter asks why and how services that are not previously thought of as tradable have increasingly been opened up … argues that lobbying by producers or users of services cannot fully explain reform nor does EU membership simply constrain … particular, the ability of the government to re-interpret services as regular tradable products combined with new regulation to …