Prior literature has found that as uncertainty in a firms information environment increases, optimism increases in … equity analysts’ earnings forecasts. The studies suggest an economic incentive explanation, commonly called the management …‐relations hypothesis. However, there is conflicting evidence that managers would prefer pessimistic forecasts and encourage analysts to …

through a modern day risk and uncertainty optic at the hidden mechanisms within the social world where enterprises operate …

‐disciplinary team working on‐site. The degree of integration within the value chain is estimated by the QS team, using the uncertainty …

help managers to understand the relationship between the emergency coefficient, uncertainty and emergency cost in two … means of a case study. Findings – With the augment of uncertainty, the general cost of logistics service integrator (LSI) is … of the characteristics of demand uncertainty and weak economy. Accordingly, this paper considers these issues.  …