This paper presents the first methodological proposal of estimation of the VaR. Our approach is dynamic and calibrated to market extreme scenarios, incorporating the need of regulators and financial institutions in more sensitive risk measures. We also propose a simple backtesting methodology by...

The main sources of financing for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are equity (internally generated cash), trade credit paid on time, long and short term bank credits, delayed payment on trade credit and other debt. The marginal costs of each financing instrument are driven by...

For small and medium enterprises (SMEs), various types of debt are not identical. There are specific costs and benefits associated with each funding source. Using a sample of Portuguese SMEs over the years 1990-2000, we show that the asset and liability side of the balance sheet are...

For small and medium-sized enterprises, various types of debt are not identical. There are specific costs and benefits associated with each funding source. We argue that the asset and liability sides of the balance sheet are interrelated. Specifically, we hypothesize that firms match specific...

This paper investigates the determinants of capital structure for a sample of 13,070 small medium sized enterprises (SMEs) and 67,449 firm-year observations from Eastern European countries over the period 1994-2004. The use of a sample of SMEs in our analysis rather than large listed firms...