Urban sensing systems that use mobile phones enable individuals and communities to collect and share data with unprecedented speed, accuracy and granularity. But employing mobile handsets as sensor nodes poses new challenges for privacy, data security, and ethics. To address these challenges,...

Ubiquitious information systems hold increasing promise for widespread participation in datacollection and dissemination. Common and abundant devices such as mobile phones cansense and record data such as location, sound, and images. These systems can facilitatecommunity participation in basic...

A fundamental shift is underway in pervasive computing. Within academic research, pervasive computing in the form of embedded networked sensing has leapt from the laboratory to the natural environment. Simultaneously, in the domain of personal communication and corporate marketing, pervasive...

Credit networks represent a way of modeling trust between entities in a network. Nodes in the network print their own currency and trust each other for a certain amount of each other's currency. This allows the network to serve as a decentralized payment infrastructure---arbitrary payments can...

The current Internet architecture, embodied in the Internet Protocol (IP) network protocol, offers a very simple service model: point-to-point best-effort service. In recent years, several new classes of distributed applications have been developed, such as remote video, multimedia conferencing,...

The science of “implicit social cognition” (ISC) has demonstrated that we have implicit biases, in the form of stereotypes and attitudes that we are unaware of. Nevertheless, these implicit biases can alter our behavior, including how we might give an interview, hire a candidate, or even...

New facts recently discovered in the mind and behavioral sciences have the potential to transform both lay and expert conceptions of affirmative action. Drawing on recent findings in implicit social cognition (ISC) and applying a legal methodology called behavioral realism, the authors advance...