Regulation and protection have been the major issues to prevent the consumers from enjoying good quality of service (QoS) at reasonable prices, for example, electricity and long distance call service. Deregulation in such industries started in early 1970sand have achieved significant results in,...

After deregulations in power industries, the original boundary lines have been removed and how to support optimal cross-border electricity trade planning has become an important issue. Decentralization, or all market participants have the rights to participate in decision making, is one of the...

In the electricity market environment, bidding strategies employed by generation companies may have significant impacts on their own benefits, and on the operating behaviors of an electricity market as well. Hence, how to develop optimal bidding strategies for generation companies or how to...

In power markets, operating reserve procurement is usually centrally handled according to certain reliability rules and aiming at minimization of total cost for reserve procuremen. In this approach, there are no customers’ choices, no incentives for IS0 to minimize the total cost or for...

This paper is concerned with the state estimation problem for a class of Markovian neural networks with discrete and distributed time-delays. The neural networks have a finite number of modes, and the modes may jump from one to another according to a Markov chain. The main purpose is to estimate...

Oysters represent an excellent source of major nutrients, especially proteins, vitamins and minerals. The consumption of oysters in Australia has not grown enough to match to their increased availability. This study is designed to provide information for the oyster industry to better attract...

Viral load is examined, as a function of primary viral growth factor (Pg) and mutation, through a computer simulation model for HIV immune response. Cell-mediated immune response is considered on a cubic lattice with four cell types: macrophage (M), helper (H), cytotoxic (C), and virus (V)....