INTRODUCTION: Economic evaluation, linking the costs and consequences of an intervention to indicate the potential benefits of alternative interventions, is becoming established as one of the core tools for decision making in health care. As knowledge of the safety and effectiveness of...

In the recent years, the use of motion tracking systems for acquisition of functional biomechanical gait data, has received increasing interest due to the richness and accuracy of the measured kinematic information. However, costs frequently restrict the number of subjects employed, and this...

Four different types of evaluation methods, cost-benefit analysis (CBA), cost-utility analysis (CUA), cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) and cost-minimization analysis (CMA), are usually distinguished. In this note, we pronounce the (near) death of CMA by showing the rare circumstances under...

Background Carrying the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) germline mutations is associated with a high risk for melanoma. Penetrance of CDKN2A mutations is modified by pigmentation characteristics, nevus phenotypes, and some variants of the melanocortin-1 receptor gene (MC1R), which...

Over 80% of Glasgow's community pharmacies provide a supervised methadone service to opiate users, but fewer than this provide a needle exchange service. Postal questionnaires were sent in 1997 and annually from 2000 to 2003 to every pharmacy in Greater Glasgow. The original aim of the...

Background: Many general practitioners (GPs) are concerned about the increasing dominance of economic issues in major decisions about clinical care, and feel their opinions on economic matters have not been heard. It is unclear whether this information has any impact on everyday clinical...

Within-person variability in measured values of multiple risk factors can bias their associations with disease. The multivariate regression calibration (RC) approach can correct for such measurement error and has been applied to studies in which true values or independent repeat measurements of...

Objective: Consultants employed by the NHS in England are allowed to undertake private practice to supplement their NHS income. Until the introduction of a new contract from October 2003, those employed on full-time contracts were allowed to earn private incomes no greater than 10% of their NHS...

This article defines standards, discusses the components of standards development, and provides an overview of the use of standards in the credentialing processes of health promotion and education specialists. Credentialing or registering agencies related to health promotion and education in the...